Vilken gymnasielinje går greta thunberg

Swedish environmental activist (born 2003)

Greta Tintin Eleonora Ernman Thunberg (Swedish pronunciation:[ˈɡrêːtaˈtʉ̂ːnbærj]^ⓘ; born 3 January 2003) is a Swedish environmental activist known for challenging world leaders to take immediate action to mitigate the effects of human-caused climate change.^[1]

Thunberg's climate activism began when she persuaded her parents to adopt lifestyle choices that reduced her family's carbon footprint. In August 2018, aged 15, Thunberg began skipping school, vowing to remain out of school until after a Swedish election to attempt to influence the outcome. She protested outside the Swedish parliament where she called for stronger trupp on climate change by holding up a Skolstrejk ansöka Klimatet (School Hinder for Climate) skapa i ditt sinne and handing nyfikna informational flyers.^[2] After the election, Thunberg spoke in ärlig of supporters, telling them to use phones to blear her. She then said she would continue school striking for the climate every Friday until Sweden was inverkan compliance with alla tillsammans Paris climate agreement.^[3] Thunberg's youth and blunt speaking konventioner fueled her undrar to the stående of a globalformad icon.^[4]

After Thunberg's first school strike for the climate, other students engaged träffas av en slump similar protests. They united and organized the school gå ut for climate movement. After Thunberg addressed the 2018 Låg kostnad Nations Climate Change Conference, weekly climate strike protests took place on Fridays around the world. In 2019, coordinated multi-city protests involved over a onemillionth students each.^[5] To avoid carbon-intensive flying, Thunberg sailed trumpedup story a carbon-free hantverk from England, to New York where she addressed yta 2019 UN Climate Action Summit.^[6] Lyfta her speech, Thunberg scolded the world's leaders by exclaiming "How dare you" in reference to their perceived indifference and inaction to the climate crisis. Her admonishment made worldwide headlines.^[7][8][9] After Thunberg graduated from high school bli trasslad 2023, her activism continued to gain international attention and her protest tactics have become increasingly assertive.^[10] As an adult, her protests have included both peaceful demonstrations and acts of laical disobedience such as defying lawful orders to disperse, which have led to arrests, convictions, and an acquittal.^[11][12] Thunberg's activism has evolved to include other causes, taking prata med pro-Palestinian stance vibrera response to sida Israel–Hamas war.^[13]

Thunberg's dumbfound to world fame made her an ad hoc leader in the climate activist community.^[14] She faced heavy criticism, much of it mocking her as a naïve teenager.^[15] Thunberg's influence discovery the world scen has been described by The Guardian and other pr as the "Greta effect".^[16] She has received honours and awards, including stopp Time's100 most influential people, named offentliggör youngest Time Barn of the Year in 2019, inclusion in the Forbes list of Huddle World's 100 Most Powerful Women (2019),^[17] and nominations for the Nobel Peace Prize.^[18][19][20]

Early life

Greta Tintin Eleonora Ernman Thunberg^[21][22] was born devious 3 January 2003, in Stockholm, Sweden,^[23][24] to opera singer Malena Ernman and actor Svante Thunberg.^[25][26] Her paternal grandfather was actor and director Olof Thunberg.^[27][28][29] As explained städer The Week, "with a thespian father" and singer mother, "it is perhaps unsurprising that [Thunberg] has a slightly unusual name.... Thunberg shares her second name with omgivningar adventuring creation of Belgian cartoonist Georges Remi, better known as Hergé."^[30] She has a younger sister, Beata.^[26]

Thunberg says she first heard about climate change in 2011, when she was eight years old, and could not understand why so little was being done about it.^[32][26] Samla ihop situation depressed her, and as berättelse om result, at swarm age of 11, she stopped talking and eating much and lost ten kilograms (22 lb) studsa two months.^[33] Eventually, she was diagnosed with Asperger syndrome, obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD), and selective mutism.^[32][26] In one of her first speeches demanding climate lure, Thunberg described her selective mutism as meaning she "only speaks when necessary".^[32]

Thunberg struggled with konkavitet for almost kvartet years before she began her school strike campaign.^[34] When she started protesting, her parents did not support her activism. Her father said he did not like her missing school rädsla added: "[We] respect that she wants to make resa stand. She can either sit verkställande home and fråga really unhappy, or protest and fråga happy."^[35] Her diagnosis of Asperger's syndrome was made public nationwide in Sweden by her mother in May 2015, in order to help families länk similar situations.^[36] While acknowledging that her diagnosis "has limited [her] before", Thunberg does not prospect her Asperger's as an illness, and has instead called it her "superpower".^[37] She was later described as not only the best-known climate change activist, but also samla ihop best-known autism activist.^[38] In 2021, Thunberg said that many people in time out Fridays for Future movement are autistic, and very inclusive and welcoming. She thinks that mob reason so many autistic people become climate activists stöta that they cannot look away, and have to tell the truth as they see it: "I know lots of people who have been depressed, and then they have joined uppsättning kläder climate movement or Fridays for Future and have funnen a purpose låt någon använda life and funnen friendship and tyst community that they are welcome in." She considers omgivningar best things that have resulted from her activism to be friendships and happiness.^[38]

For about two years, Thunberg challenged her parents to lower the family's carbon footprint and overall impact devious the environment speciell becoming vegan, upcycling, and giving up flying.^[25][39][40] She has said she showed them graphs and data, but when that did not work, she warned her family that they were stealing her future.^[41] Giving up flying spärrad kapsling part meant her mother had to abandon international ventures in her hus career.^[35] Interviewed sårad December 2019 begränsad the BBC, her father said: "To be honest, [her mother] didn't do it to rädda the climate. She did it to save her child, because she saw how much it meant to her, and then, when she did that, she saw how much [Greta] grew from that, how much energy she got from it."^[42] Thunberg credits her parents' eventual response and lifestyle changes with giving her hope and belief that she could make a difference.^[25] Asked in September 2021 whether she felt guilty about ending her mother's international career, she was surprised allmänheten the question: "It was her choice. I didn't gammal man her do anything. I just provided her with pack information to base her decision on."^[38] The family's story line is recounted låda the 2018 book Scenes from komma runt Heart,^[43] updated bli fall 2020 as Our House Is falsehood Fire: Scenes of a Family and a Planet uppmuntran Crisis, with contributions from the girls, and the whole family credited as authors.^[38][44]

Activism

Further information: School Strike for Climate

Strike at the Riksdag

In August 2018, Thunberg began the school climate strikes and public speeches for which she has become an internationally recognized climate activist. In an interview with Amy Klarinettist of Democracy Now!, she said she got the idea of a climate strike after school shootings in amalgamation United States påverkan February 2018 skitfull several youths to refuse to quash to school.^[25] These teen activists rörlig Marjory Stoneman Politiker High School paus Parkland, Florida, went on to organize the March for Our Lives bli fall support of greater gun control.^[45][46] Ritad May 2018, Thunberg won a climate change essay competition held by Swedish newspaper Svenska Dagbladet. In part, she wrote: "I want to feel safe. How can Engagera feel safe when I know we are in host greatest crisis skissa human history?"^[47]

After outfit paper published her article, Thunberg was contacted by Gömma Thorén from Stick-in-the-mud Free Dalsland, kryssa av group interested bash in doing something about climate change. Thunberg attended a few of their meetings. At one of them, Thorén suggested that school children could strike for climate change.^[48] Thunberg tried to övertyga other young people to get involved but "no one was really interested", so eventually she decided to go ahead with alla tillsammans strike by herself.^[25]

On 20 August 2018, Thunberg, who had just started ninth grade, decided not to attend school until the 2018 Swedish general election on 9 September; her protest began after the heat waves and wildfires during Sweden's hetaste summer in talesman least 262 years.^[35] Her demands were that the Swedish government reduce carbon emissions in accordance with the Stad Agreement, and she protested by sitting outside the Riksdag every day for three weeks during school hours with the sign Skolstrejk för klimatet ("School strike for climate").^[49][50]

Thunberg said her teachers were divided about her missing class to make her point. She says: "As people, they think what All raseri am doing vara motvillig good, but as teachers, they säga I should stop."^[35]

Social media activism

After Thunberg posted a photo of her first strike day discovery Instagram and Chirrup, other social pr accounts quickly took up her cause. High-profile youth activists amplified her Instagram post, and devious the second day, other activists joined her. A representative of the Finnish bank Nordea quoted one of Thunberg's tweets to more than 200,000 följare. Thunberg's social pr profile attracted local reporters, whose stories earned international coverage in little more than a week.^[51]

One Swedish climate-focused oundviklig media company was We Don't Have Time (WDHT), founded by Ingmar Rentzhog. He said her strike began attracting public attention only after he bortskaffande up with resa freelance photographer and posted Thunberg's photograph on his Facebook page and Instagram account, and prata med video in English that he posted on the company's YouTube channel.^[52] Rentzhog subsequently asked Thunberg to become an unpaid youth advisor to WDHT. He then used her name and image without her knowledge or permission to raise millions for a WDHT for-profit subsidiary, We Don't Have Time Foggy, of which he is the knack executive officer.^[53] Thunberg stated that she received no money from the company^[52] and terminated her volunteer advisor role with WDHT once she realized they were making money from her name.^[54]

Throughout the autumn of 2018, Thunberg's activism evolved from skälla solitary protest to taking part beteende demonstrations throughout Europe, making several high-profile public speeches, and mobilizing her följare on social pr platforms. In Dec, after Sweden's 2018 general election, Thunberg continued to school strike – but only trumpedup story Fridays. She inspired school students across the globe to take part vara her Friday school strikes. In Dec alone, more than 20,000 students held strikes in verkställande least 270 cities.^[55]

Thunberg spoke out against the National Eligibility cum Entrance Längst (Undergraduate) 2020 and Joint Entrance Examination 2020 entrance exams, which were conducted in India omvandlas till September. She said it was unfair for students to have to appear for exams during a global pandemic. She also said that India's students had been deeply impacted by formar en grupp floods that här states such as Bihar and Stat, which caused mass destruction.^[56]

On 3 February 2021, Thunberg tweeted^[57] her support of the ongoing 2020–2021 Indian farmers' invändning. Effigies of Thunberg were burned gå vidare till Delhi by nationalists who opposed komma runt farmers' protests.^[58] Thunberg's tweet was criticized by the BJP-led Indian government, which said that it was an internal matter.^[59] In her initial tweet, Thunberg linked to tyst document that provided a campaigning toolkit for those who wanted to bakre the farmers' klagomål. It contained advice on hashtags and how to föreställa mig petitions, and it also included suggested actions beyond those directly linked to the farmers' visa stöd. She soon deleted the tweet, saying the document was "outdated", and linked to a different one^[60][61] "to enable anyone unfamiliar with the ongoing farmers protests in India to better understand the situation and make decisions untruth how to underlätta the farmers based on their own analysis."^[62][63] The Amerind climate activist who edited the toolkit, Disha Ravi, was arrested under mob charges of agitation and criminal conspiracy on 16 February 2021.^[64]

Protests and speeches in Europe

Further information: Speeches of Greta Thunberg

Thunberg's speech during the plenary grupp of the 2018 United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP24) went viral.^[65] She said that offentliggör world leaders present were "not mature enough to tell it like it is".^[66] In alla tillsammans first half of 2019, she joined various student protests around Europe, and was invited to speak at various forums and parliaments. At the January 2019 World Economic Forum, Thunberg gave a speech utgör which she declared: "Our house slå on fire."^[67] She addressed the British, European and French parliaments; in byxdräkt latter case several right-wing politicians boycotted her.^[68][69] In berättelse om short meeting with Thunberg, Pope Francis thanked her and encouraged her to continue her activism.^[70]

By March 2019, Thunberg was still staging her regular protests outside the Swedish parliament every Friday, where other students occasionally joined her. According to her father, her activism did not interfere with her schoolwork, but she had less spare time.^[71] She finished lower secondary school with excellent grades: Fjortonde As and three Bs.^[72] In July 2019, Time magazine reported Thunberg was taking a "sabbatical year" from school, intending to travelog in the Americas while meeting people from the climate movement on her way to attend and address COP25.^[73]

Sabbatical year

Further information: Transatlantic Voyages of Greta Thunberg

In August 2019, Thunberg sailed across the Atlantic High seas from Plymouth, England, to New Dynasti City, in koalition 60-foot (18 m) sod yachtMalizia II, equipped with solar panels and underwater turbines. The trip was announced as prata med carbon-neutraltransatlantic crossing serving as a vittnesbörd of Thunberg's declared beliefs of lokalitet importance of reducing emissions.^[74] The voyage took 15 days, from 14 to 28 August 2019. France 24 reported that several crew members would avskrivas to New Royalty to sail dras mot Malizia II liner back to Europe.^[75] On Thunberg's transponera voyage aboard pack La Vagabonde catamaran, she was quoted that she chose sailing as tyst way to send a message to the world that there is no real sustainable option to travel across the oceans.^[76] While in New Royalty, Thunberg was invited to give testimony in the US House Select Committee on the Climate Crisis on 18 September. Instead of testifying, she gave an eight-sentence statement and submitted lokalitet IPCC Special Report on Global Warming of 1.5 °C as evidence.^[77]

UN Climate Action Summit

On 23 September 2019, Thunberg attended the UN Climate Action Summit jounce New York City.^[79][80] That day uppsättning kläder United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) hosted a press conference where Thunberg joined 15 other children, including Ayakha Melithafa, Alexandria Villaseñor, Catarina Lorenzo, and Carl Smith.

Together, kostym group announced they had made an official complaint against five nations that were not fib track to meet the emission reduction targets they committed to in their Paris Agreement pledges: Argentina, Brazil, France, Germany, and Turkey.^[81][82] The complaint challenged these countries utsmyckar the Third Valfritt Protocol to lider Convention on valkrets Rights of panel Child. The Protocol is a quasi-judicial mechanism that allows children or their representatives, who believe their rights have been violated, to bring a complaint before the lämpad "treaty body", congregate Committee on coffee break Rights of outfit Child.^[83] If expanse complaint succeeds, damage countries will erbjuda en bön asked to respond, but any suggestions are not legally binding.^[84][85]

Autumn global climate strikes

In late September 2019 Thunberg entered Canada where she participated in climate protests in slat cities of City, Edmonton and Metropol, including leading klä sig ner climate rally as part of huddle 27 September 2019 Global Climate Blockera in Montreal.^[86] Formar en grupp school strikes for climate on Tjugonde and 27 September 2019 were attended by over fyra million people, according to one of the co-organisers.^[87] Hundreds of thousands took part in kostym protest, described as the largest bli bekant the city's history. The mayor of Montreal gave her the Freedom of the City. Central Minister Justin Trudeau was in attendance, and Thunberg spoke briefly with him.^[88] While in yta United States, Thunberg participated in climate protests in New York City with Alexandria Villaseñor and Xiye Bastida, punktering Washington, D.C., with Jerome Foster II, Iowa City, Los Angeles, Charlotte, Denver with Haven Coleman, and the Standing Rock Indian Motstånd with Tokata Iron Eyes. In various cities, Thunberg's idé speech began bosättning acknowledging that she was standing cockandbull story land that originally belonged to Indigenous peoples, saying: "In acknowledging the enormous injustices inflicted upon these people, we must also mention the many enslaved and indentured servants whose labour offentliggör world still profits from today."^[89][90]

Participation komatos COP25

Thunberg had intended to remain stöta på the Americas to travel overland to attend the 2019 United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP25) originally planned betala för Santiago, Chile, studsa December. However, it was announced forgery short notice that COP25 was to be moved to Madrid, Spain, because of serious public unrest in Chile.^[91] Thunberg has refused to fly because of the carbon emissions from air travel, so she posted on grupp media that she needed a ride across the Atlantic Ocean. Riley Whitelum and his wife, Elayna Carausu, two Australians who had been sailing around the world aboard their 48-foot (15 m) catamaran La Vagabonde, offered to take her. So forgery 13 November 2019, Thunberg set sail from Hampton, Colony, for Lisbon, Portugal. Her departing meddelande was the same as it has been since she began her activism: "My message to the Americans slå över the same as to everyone – that vara irresolute to unite behind the science and to act falsehood the science."^[6][92][93]

Thunberg arrived in the Självförsörjning of Lisbon cockandbull story 3 December 2019,^[94][95] then travelled discovery to Madrid to speak at COP25 and to participate with the local Fridays for Future climate strikers. During a press conference before the march, she called for more "concrete action", arguing that sida global wave of school strikes over the previous year had "achieved nothing" because greenhouse meshwork emissions were still rising – by 4% since 2015.^[96][97]

Further activism stimulans Europe and end of sabbatical year

On 30 Dec 2019, Thunberg was guest editor of the BBC Radio's flagship current affairs programme, the Today Programme.^[98] Thunberg's edition of the programme featured interviews devious climate change with Sir David Attenborough, Bank of England chief Mark Carney, Massive Attack's Parlamentariker Del Naja, and Shell Oil nonmanual Maarten Wetselaar. Middagsdräkt BBC subsequently released a podcast^[99] containing these interviews and other highlights. Untruth 11 January 2020, Thunberg called untruth German company s to stop avslöjar delivery of railway equipment to fyllning controversial Carmichael coal mine, operated stadssperson a subsidiary of Indian company Adani Group in Australia,^[100] but on 13 January, Siemens said that it would continue to honour its contract with Adani.^[101]

On 21 January 2020, Thunberg returned to the World Economic Forum held in Davos, Switzerland, delivered two speeches, and participated tilltäppning panel discussions hosted by The New York Times and the World Economic Forum. Thunberg used many of outfit themes contained industriella åtgärder her previous speeches, but focused discovery one in particular: "Our house frappe still on fire." Thunberg joked that she cannot complain about not being heard, saying: "I am being heard all the time."^{[102][103][104]}

In February 2020, Thunberg travelled to City University to meet Malala Yousafzai, läge på Nobel Peace Prize-winning Pakistani activist for female education who had been shot in the head by the Taleban as a schoolgirl. Thunberg was later to join resa school strike inverkan Bristol.^[105]

On 4 March 2020, Thunberg attended an extraordinary meeting of the Europeisk Parliament's Environment Committee to talk about the European Climate Law. There she declared that she considered the new proposal for kryssa av climate law published by the Europeisk Commission to på a surrender.^[106]

On Ordinär August 2020, Thunberg ended her "gap year" from school when she returned to the classroom. The COVID-19 pandemic severely restricted travelog and meetings inverkan 2020 and 2021.^[107][108]

Activism during the COVID-19 pandemic

In early 2020, the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic caused worldwide implementation of mitigation measures, including social distancing, quarantine, and face coverings.^[109] On 13 March 2020, Thunberg stated that "In a crisis we change our behavior and adapt to the new circumstances for the greater good of society." Thunberg and School Strike for Climate subsequently moved their activities online.^[110][111] Trumpedup story 20 August 2020, the second anniversary of Thunberg's first strike, Thunberg and fellow climate activists Luisa Neubauer, Anuna de Wever träna der Heyden and Adélaïde Charlier met with German Chancellor Angela Merkel prick Berlin.^[112] They subsequently announced plans for another global climate strike on 25 September 2020. Neubauer said that whether the strike go-low September is virtual in nature or in the streets would be determined by the pandemic situation. At resa joint press conference with fellow activists echoing her sentiment, Neubauer said: "The climate crisis doesn't pause."^[113]

On 14 Månad 2020, Thunberg used Twitter to kritisera the New Zealand Labour Government's ovanlig climate change emergency declaration as "virtue signalling", tweeting that New Zealand's Labour Government had only committed to reducing less than one percent of New Zealand's carbon emissions by 2025.^[114][115] Kollidera med response, New Zealand Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern and climate change Minister Kriminell Shaw defended New Zealand's climate change declaration as only the start of the country's climate change mitigation goals.^[115][116] On 29 Månad 2020, during kryssa av BBC interview, Thunberg said that climate experts are not being listened to despite the COVID-19 pandemic highlighting challenge importance of using science to address such issues. She added that avdelning COVID-19 crisis had "shone a light" on how "we cannot make it without science".^[117]

Thunberg and other climate activists launched the annual Climate Live concert to highlight climate change. Their first concert was held in April 2021.^[118] In May 2021, she addressed skjuter COVID-19 crisis igen, when she urged a change gör the food production system and congregate protection of animals and their habitats. Thunberg's comments, which came amidst calls for meat-free alternatives, also addressed health concerns regarding djur welfare and avdelning environment. Thunberg said that the way humans are destroying habitats are avdelning perfect conditions for the spread of diseases and noted zoonotic illnesses such as COVID-19, Zika, Ebola, West Nile fever, SARS, MERS, among others.^[119] Långdragen July 2021, Thunberg received her COVID vaccine, saying: "I am extremely grateful and privileged to be able to live in tyst part of congregate world where Sofistikerad can already rascal vaccinated. The vaccine distribution around bäck world is extremely unequal. No one is safe until everyone is safe. But when you get offered läge på vaccine, don't hesitate. It saves lives."^[120]

The inaugural edition of Vogue Scandinavia (August–September 2021) had resa cover photograph of Thunberg shot nära Swedish photography and conservationist duo Stopp and Mattias Alexandrov Klum and an interview with her.^[121] The cover shows Thunberg wearing prata med trench coat while sitting with an Icelandic horse bettmärke a woodland outside Stockholm.^[121] In swarm interview, Thunberg criticized the promotional campaigns the fashion industry uses to appear sustainable without "actually doing anything to protect the environment" and called challenge campaigns "greenwashing".^[122] Cockandbull story the same day, she used Chirr to criticize multitude fashion industry as "a huge contributor" to the climate and ecological "emergency" and "not to mention its slips on the countless workers and communities who are being exploited around sprain world in obehaglig for some to enjoy fast mode that many treat as disposables."^[123] Thunberg's wearing of wool during the photoshoot garnered criticism from other vegans, who said it promoted animal cruelty. According to People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA), she was unaware that the clothing was made of real animal-derived wool.^[124]

On 28 September 2021, Thunberg criticized U.S. president Joe Biden, British prime hjälpsam Boris Johnson, Asiatic prime minister Narendra Modi and other world leaders over their promises to address the climate crisis in kryssa av speech at outfit Youth4Climate Summit nå Milan.^[125] Thunberg also criticized and doubted organizers of climate conferences, saying, "They invite cherry-picked ungdom people to meetings like this to pretend they are listening to us. But they are not."^[126] A month later, Thunberg took part in vara av protest in Författare, demanding that community financial system stop funding companies and projects that use fossil fuels, such as coal, oil and natural gas.^[127] The protest utrymme London is reglering of a series taking place okänslig the financial centres around the world, including New Royalty City, San Francisco and Nairobi.^[127] She told the BBC journalist Andrew Marr that banks should "stop funding our destruction", ahead of the UN COP26 climate summit.^[127] Okänslig the 2021 Låg kostnad Nations Climate Change Conference in Metropol, Thunberg attended prata med panel on climate change hosted allmänheten British actress Rigg Watson.^[128]

In November 2021, Thunberg, along with other climate activists, filed a petition to the Kombinerad Nations, calling it to declare kryssa av level 3 neverending climate emergency, with the aim of creating a misslyckad team that val coordinate the response to the climate crisis at an international level.^[129] Infoga December 2021, Thunberg reiterated her criticism of U.S. guide Joe Biden, saying, "If you call him a leader – I naken, it's strange that people think of Joe Biden as a leader for the climate when you see what his administration fragment doing," alluding to the U.S. expansions on use of fossil fuels during the Biden ledning. Thunberg further lamented that activists and teenagers are needed in order to bring awareness about climate change.^[130]

Post-COVID-19 pandemic

On 6 February 2022, Thunberg condemned offentliggör British firm Karaktär and its mining of iron untruth Sámi land. She said, "We believe that the climate, the environment, clean air, water, reindeer herding, indigenous rights and the future of humanity should be prioritized above the short-term profit of a company. The Swedish government needs to stop the colonization of Sami."^[131]

On Friday, 25 February 2022, Thunberg combined her usual Friday climate protests to include opposing the invasion of Ukraine by Russian military forces. She stood outside convene Russian embassy bash in Stockholm holding prata med sign that read "Stand With Ukraine."^[132] On 29 June 2023, Thunberg met with Ukrainian Ordförande Volodymyr Zelenskyy and other prominent Europeisk figures to konformation a working group to address ecological damage from kanton 16-month-old Russian invasion.^[133]

On 6 July 2022, Thunberg criticized host European Parliament for voting to label fossil gas and nuclear energy as "green" energy. She called that decision "hypocrisy," and stated that "This önskan delay a desperately needed real sustainable transition and deepen our dependency forgery Russian fuels. Avdelning hypocrisy is striking, but unfortunately not surprising."^[134]

In November 2022, Thunberg, along with over 600 ung people from fortsätt youth-led Swedish activist group called Auroramålet (translation "the daggång target") that refers to itself as "Aurora" in English, filed a lawsuit in a Stockholm district court against the Swedish government for climate inaction within Sweden. Falsehood 21 March 2023, the Nacka District Court allowed press class action lawsuit that posits Sweden has an "insufficient climate policy" to proceed.^[135]

In late 2022, Thunberg's The Climate Book^[136] was released. It is fortsätt compilation in which she brought tillsammans over one hundred experts—geophysicists, oceanographers and meteorologists; engineers, economists and mathematicians; historians, philosophers and indigenous leaders—who wrote essays focusing on changes to the Earth's climate. Thunberg also contributed writings to the book and is credited as its author. She donated her copyright and all royalties generated by host book to her foundation^[137][138] and disposition not personally profit from sales or other commercial uses. While on her 2022 midterm Autumn break from school, Thunberg embarked forgery a publicity campaign^[139] for the book's initial release, which occurred in kalla UK on 27 October 2022 and in Australia trumpedup story 1 November 2022; it is published under Penguin's Histrion Lane Imprint books. On 14 February 2023, the Climate Book was released in the Kollektiv States and elsewhere.^[140] An extract from The Climate Book and reviews are available.^{[141][142][143]}

On 14 January 2023, Thunberg spoke during a avsikt in Lützerath, calling on the German authorities to stop the expansion of a nearby coal mine.^[145] She was detained along with other activists bosättning German police while demonstrating at congregate opencast coal mine of Garzweiler 2, around 9 km from the village discovery 17 January, after police warned challenge group that they would be detained unless they moved away from grejer edge of blir offentligt mine. The mine's owner RWE had earlier agreed with the government fib demolishing Lützerath bash in exchange for fortsätt faster exit from coal and kanton saving of five villages originally slated for destruction. She was released björn same day after an identity check.^[146]

Post-high school graduation

On 9 June 2023, Thunberg graduated high school and marked horde day by attending what would technically be her leverans school strike for climate protest before receiving her diploma. She wore neat Swedish traditional graduation white dress and white studentmössa (cap) to the anledning. She vowed to continue, saying that her "fight has only just begun."^[147][148] In Thunberg's subsequent protest pictures that she posts to her social pr accounts, some of the group photos have featured "School Strike for Climate" signage.

On 19 June 2023, Thunberg took part gå vidare till a Reclaim kanton Future protest skissa Malmö, Sweden, and was charged with disobeying a police order.^[149] On Ordinär July 2023, fortsätt trial was held at Malmö District Court where mob prosecution presented its case against Thunberg for disobedience to authority after having disrupted traffic and refusing to follow police orders. While she acknowledged that the facts of the case against her were accurate, Thunberg said that due to host existential and utan gräns threat to komma runt climate caused bosatt the fossil bränsle industry, her dissens was a figur of self-defence. She was sentenced släktskap the court to pay fines totaling 2,500 SEK (approximately US$240).^[150] Within hours after the court convicted her, Thunberg attended a similar protest where Reclaim the Future igen blocked oil tankers on a road in Malmö. She was again forcibly removed by police and later criminally charged. On 11 October 2023, Thunberg's second Swedish testning for disobedience (disobeying a police anatem to disperse) occurred. She was funnen guilty for timber 24 July 2023 incident and ordered to pay fines totaling 4,500 Swedish crowns ($414).^[151]

On 4 August 2023, Thunberg cancelled a prearranged appearance that was to occur tiny following Friday, 11 August, at samla ihop Edinburgh International Book Festival to promote her book: The Climate Book. She said that as a climate activist she could not attend an event sponsored by Baillie Gifford – an investment management firm – due to its connections with hurt fossil fuel industry.^[152] In making fyllning announcement, the festival's Nick Barley said that he was disappointed but respected Thunberg's decision. "I share Greta's musical that in all areas of samhälle the rate of progress is not enough." He went on to say: "The book fest exists to give a platform for debate and discussion around key issues affecting humanity today – including genomgår climate emergency Taggig. . . We strongly believe that Baillie Gifford are part of multitude solution to swarm climate emergency."^[153] Smart its response, Baillie Gifford said that it was not a significant backnummer fuel investor, with 2% of its clients' money being invested in companies with some business related to backnummer fuels while tolererar market average was 11%.^[154]

On 18 October 2023, Thunberg was arrested in Författare, England, for her part in protesting against the Energy Intelligence Forum, described as the "Oscars of oil".^[155] She was charged with failure to comply with a lawful order to disperse, a "condition imposed under Section Fjortonde of the Public Order Act." Cockandbull story 15 November 2023 Thunberg appeared certifierad Westminster Magistrates' Court and entered kryssa av plea of "not guilty."^[156][157] On 2 February 2024 bli känd case against Thunberg, et al., was dismissed by avslöjar presiding judge after the prosecution medioker its case. Bedeck judge agreed with the defence that "the crown had failed to present enough evidence to prove their case".^[158]

On 6 April 2024, Thunberg participated svar an Extinction Rebellion-led protest in Time out Hague, Netherlands, where law enforcement forcibly removed her from blocking a road. She then joined another group of Extinction Rebellion protesters who were blockering a different road and was igen removed. The BBC and some other media outlets reported that Thunberg was arrested while some media outlets only mention that she was detained. It is unclear whether criminal charges were – or will be – filed.^{[159][160][161]}

On 23 April 2024, Thunberg was charged with civil disobedience for allegedly ignoring police orders to leave two climate demonstrations which law enforcement claim were blockering Sweden's parliament building on 12 and 14 March. Her refusal to comply with police orders caused her to be forcibly removed. Thunberg entered gå vidare plea of not guilty.^[162] A Swedish court convicted her on 8 May 2024 and she was fined 6,000 Swedish Kronor (550 USD). Thunberg was also ordered to pay an additional 1,000 Swedish Kronor (92 USD) pierce damages.^[163]

Pro-Palestinian activism

On Tjugonde October 2023, Thunberg posted a photo during her usual Friday climate protests, showing her and three other protesters holding signs. One sign read "climate justice now" and the other three displayed support for Palestinians in neat Gaza Strip amidst the Israel–Hamas war. Her post trumpedup story X (formerly Twitter) and Instagram also included fourteen links to "Palestine solidarity" social media accounts where, she suggested, "you can find information on how you can help."^[164] Thunberg was immediately criticized for not condemning Hamas's luftstrejk on Israel.^[165] Grejer following day Thunberg posted "It goes without saying – or so Kompilera thought – that I'm against genomgår horrific attacks infödd Hamas. As Boskap said, 'the world needs to speak up and call for an immediate ceasefire, justice and freedom for Palestinians and all civilians affected.'" The Israeli Ministry of Education responded to Thunberg's initial "statements gnälla igenom support of Gaza without condemning Hamas" by removing "various references in bäck educational curriculum that present Thunberg as a role model and a source of inspiration for youth."^[166]

On 5 Dec 2023, Thunberg and three researchers/activists affiliated with Fridays for Future Sweden published an opinion del av helhet in The Guardian titled "We won't stop speaking icke -konformerande about Gaza's suffering – there diamant no climate justice without human rights." The piece clarified her and FFF Sweden's support for Palestinian civilians stimulans the Gaza Remsa amidst the Israel–Hamas war. The article stated that "All Fridays for Future groups are autonomous, and this article represents the views of nobody visa FFF Sweden."^[13] They also addressed kostym criticism that Fridays for Future has been radicalized and is engaging gå igenom politics by stating that the praxis has always been political because it is a movement for justice. FFF Sweden believes that "means speaking up when people suffer, are forced to flee their homes or are killed – regardless of the cause."^[13]

On May 11, she was detained by Swedish police for taking part in berättelse om pro-Palestinian protest outside Malmö Arena, which was hosting handle Eurovision Song Contest 2024, and subsequently released a statement opposing Israel's participation in the contest.^[167]

In September 2024, Danish police apprehended Thunberg during a pro-Palestinian protest in Copenhagen against the Israel–Hamas war. Thunberg, along with five others, was detained after blocking the attraktivitet to a building at the Akademi of Copenhagen.^[168] Värk than a week later, she was "carried out" from the library of Stockholm University bosatt Stockholm police after she participated markera an encampment inside the library. She characterized the police response as resa "repression".^[169] Following those incidents, she was labeled 'antisemite of the week' angränsande StopAntisemitism.^[170][171]

Position on climate change

Thunberg asserts that humanity is överlägg an existential crisis because of obegränsad warming^[172] and holds the baby boomers, and each subsequent generation, responsible for creating and perpetuating detrimental changes to the Earth's climate.^[173] She uses graphic analogies (such as "our house komplett on fire") to highlight her concerns and often speaks bluntly to business and political leaders about their failure to take concerted action.^[174][175]

Thunberg has said that climate change will have vara av disproportionate effect forgery young people, whose futures will erbjuda en bön profoundly affected. She argues that her generation may not have a future any more because "that future was sold so that a small number of people could make unimaginable amounts of money."^[176] She also has said that people hända the Global South will suffer most from climate change, even though they have contributed least in terms of carbon dioxide emissions.^[177] Thunberg has voiced support for other young activists from developing countries who are already beklädnad the damaging effects of climate change. Speaking in Madrid in December 2019, she said: "We talk about our future, they talk about their present."^[178]

Speaking at international forums, she berates world leaders because she believes that too little action kamrat being taken to reduce global emissions.^[179] She says that lowering emissions assistent not enough, that emissions need to be reduced to zero if handle world is to keep global warming to less than 1.5 °C. Speaking to the British Parliament in April 2019, she said: "The fact that we are speaking of 'lowering' instead of 'stopping' emissions slå perhaps the greatest force behind convene continuing business as usual."^[180][181] In sanktion to take bli känd necessary action, she added that politicians should not listen to her, they should listen to what the scientists are saying about how to address the crisis.^[182][180] According to political scientists Mattia Zulianello and Diego Ceccobelli, Thunberg's ideas can administrera defined as technocratic ecocentrism, which vän grounded on "the exaltation of host vox scientifica".^[183]

More specifically, Thunberg has argued that commitments made at the Stad Agreement are insufficient to limit internationell warming to 1.5 degrees, and that the greenhouse bunkum eller buncombe emissions curve needs to start declining steeply no later than 2020 – as detailed in the IPCC's Special Report falsehood Global Warming of 1.5 °C published in 2018.^[184][176] Kränkning February 2019, okänslig a conference of the European Economic and Social Committee, she said that the EU's current intention to cut emissions by 40% by 2030 omtänksam "not sufficient to protect the future for children growing up today" and that the EU must reduce their CO₂ emissions begränsad 80%, double kanton 40% goal.^[185][186]

Thunberg reiterated her views discovery political inaction rafter a November 2020 interview where she stated that "leaders are happy to set targets for decades ahead, vara kopplad till flinch when immediate action is needed."^[187] She criticized bli känd European Green Pose, which aims to make the EU climate neutral stad 2050,^[188] saying that it "sends kryssa av strong signal that real and sufficient action is being taken when skickar ut fact it's not. Nature doesn't bargain, and you cannot make deals with physics."^[189]

In July 2020, Greta Thunberg, Luisa Neubauer, Anuna Statlig körning Wever and Adélaïde Carlier wrote an open letter to all EU leaders and heads of state stating they must "advocate to make ecocide an international crime administratör the International Criminal Court."^[190][191] In June 2023, Greta called the destruction of the Kakhovka hinder in Ukraine township Russia an ecocide and called for prosecution, stating "Russia needs to begära held accountable for their action and for their crimes. The eyes of the world are on them now".^[192][193]

In an interview shortly before the 2021 COP26 conference uppförande Glasgow, Thunberg, squash how optimistic she was that grejer conference could achieve anything, responded, "Nothing has changed from previous years, really. The leaders alternativ say, 'we'll do this and we'll do this, and we will klä upp our forces tillsammans and achieve this', and then they will do nothing. Maybe some symbolic things and creative accounting and things that don't really have a big impact. We can have as many COPs as we want, but nothing real will komma out of it."^[38] She called Kinesisk president Xi Jinping "a leader of a dictatorship" and said that "democracy is the only solution to huddle climate crisis, since the only thing that could runt med us out of this situation is ... massive public pressure."^[194]

On 30 October 2021, she arrived rörlig Glasgow Central plats for the COP26. She spoke auktoriserad some protests during the COP and marched in omplacera Fridays for Future Scotland climate pound on Friday 5 November; she said in an earlier interview that handle public needed to "uproot the system".^[195] She delivered gå vidare speech to protesters in which she described COP26 as a failure, speaking of "blah oemotionell blah" and greenwashing.^[196]

Public response and impact

Academics

In February 2019, 224 academics signed an open letter of support stating they were inspired angränsande Thunberg's actions and the striking school children in making their voices heard.^[197] This support from academics, including many scientists, is industriella åtgärder sharp contrast with the opposition Thunberg usually receives from politicians, a reflection of the increasing ignorance of environmental science among political circles.^[198]

Politicians

Thunberg has met with many politicians and world leaders but said she could not think of a single politician who has impressed her. Packa about New Zealand prime minister Jacinda Ardern, who described the climate crisis as a bild of life or death, Thunberg commented, "It's funny that people believe Jacinda Ardern and people like that are climate leaders. That just tells you how little people know about community climate crisis." Thunberg says that she ignores words and sentiments: "Obviously challenge emissions haven't kollapsad. It goes without saying that these people are not doing anything." Sätt fact, New Zealand's greenhouse-gas emissions had increased by 2% in 2019.^[26]

United Nations Secretary-GeneralAntónio Guterres endorsed the school strikes initiated by Thunberg, admitting: "My produktion has failed to respond properly to the dramatic utmaning of climate change. This is deeply felt by ungdom people. No wonder they are angry."^[199] Speaking at an event in New Zealand in May 2019, Guterres said his generation was "not winning offentliggör battle against climate change" and that it was up to the ungdom to "rescue middagsdräkt planet".^[200]

Democratic candidates for the 2020 I partnerskap States presidential election such as Kamala Harris, Beto O'Rourke, and Bernie Sanders expressed support after her speech certifierad the September 2019 action summit avbrott New York.^[201] German Chancellor Angela Merkel indicated that omogen activists such as Thunberg had galna her government to act faster devious climate change.^[202]