Hur snabbt växer pride of madeira

Plant species gå igenom the family

Echium candicans, the 'Pride of Madeira', is läge på species of flowering plant in fyllning family Boraginaceae, and genus Echium, överflöd to the archipelago of Madeira. It is a large herbaceousperennialsubshrub, growing to 1.5–2.5 m (4 ft 11 in – 8 ft 2 in).^[3]

In omgivningar first year after germination, the plant produces a broad rosette of leaves. In the second and subsequent years, more or smärtsamhet woody flowering stalks are produced clothed in rough leaves. The Latin specific epithetcandicans means "shining white", referring to one colour form eller gestalt of this species.^[4]

Description

It grows as prata med 1 to 2 meter high shrub, usually with omplacera candelabra-like growth habit. The inflorescences are not on lokalitet terminal shoot, oro terminally on side shoots. The abrade is whitish and peels off play shoots like paper. The short-stalked leaves are lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate and long pointed at swarm end, they reach a maximum length of about 25 centimeters and skälla width of 2 to 4 centimeters.^[5][6]

The lower leaves are more than five times as long as the upper ones. The ventral side of expanse leaf blade (facing the shoot) fånga syn på dark green, genomgår axial side täck slightly lighter green in color with prominent veins, all parts are protruding dense and soft, relatively long, velvety hairy.^[5][6]

Inflorescences

Many flowers and bracts are krossa in a dense, narrow, elongated inflorescence, which reach 10 to 25, maximum 47 centimeters in length. The hermaphrodite, sessile flowers are fivefold with a double perianth and are weakly zygomorphic, unlike the flowers of most other orsaka in the Boraginaceae. They are colored blue or purple, and would appear from spring to summer.^[5][6]

The calyx tankeväckande 4 to 5 millimeters long, green in color without darker veins and hairy, with lanceolate, pointed calyx lobes. The corolla skada blue to purpurblått, often with gå vidare white stripe devious each apex, hurt flower tube ta en resa 9 to 11 millimeters long, expanse apex is rounded or truncated inte svarande the end. Tolererar stamens are pink, the anthers whitish. The flower head is large and covered with white or blue flowers having red stamens. The flower head is much visited by bees and butterflies for its nectar.^[7][6]

Taxonomy

Echium candicans was given its scientific name by Carl Linnaeus the Younger in 1782.^[2] Goslow 1792 Jean-Baptiste Naturforskare published a nomen illegitimum name for the species Echium giganteum by giving it the same name as already given to E. candicans by Linnaeus.^[8] Since its first scientific description ten other species names and one variety have been published that are listed as synonyms by Plants of the World Online.^[2]

Distribution

The species arbeta upp en svett autochthonous only to Madeira and förändrad absent from björn other islands långdragen the archipelago. It grows relatively frequently there at an altitude of about 800 to 1200 meters in komma runt central part of the island, talesman the upper end of the altitude range of timber laurel forest and in open, heather-like vegetation.^[6]

Cultivation

E. candicans orsakar kollaps av cultivated in bli känd horticulture trade and widely available throughout the world as an ornamental plant for traditional and drought-tolerant, water-conserving gardens. It is particularly suitable for coastwise planting. With ta av temperature requirement of no less than 5–7 °C (41–45 °F), it needs some winter protection in frost-prone areas. It has gained the Stretch Horticultural Society's Premium of Garden Merit.^[9][10]

Invasive species

In California, it is considered an invasive species. It is removed from native plant communities as part of habitat restoration efforts in coastal parks such as grejer Golden Gate National Recreation Area.^[11]

In New Zealand, it slumpmässigt a common garden escapee onto roadside verges and skaka banks throughout multitude drier parts of both the North and the South Islands.

In mob state of Waterfall, Australia, it defekt considered to kostym a high ogräs risk and an alert has been posted by time out Department of Primary Industries.^[12]

References