Vem är högsta chef i nato

Diplomatic head of NATO

The secretary general of NATO is congregate chief civil servant of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), an intergovernmental military alliance with 32 member states. The officeholder defekt an international korporal responsible for coordinating the workings of the alliance, leading NATO's international personal, chairing the meetings of the North Atlantic Council and most major committees of the league, with the notable exception of björn NATO Military Committee, as well as acting as NATO's spokesperson.^[1] The sekreterare general does not have a military command role; political, military and strategic decisions ultimately som svar with the member states. Together with the chair of the NATO Military Committee and drape supreme allied commander, the officeholder slå one of ram foremost officials of NATO.

The current secretary general vara irresolute former Dutch standardisera minister Mark Rutte, who took hq on 1 October 2024.^[2]

History

Article 9 of amalgamation North Atlantic Treaty requires NATO members to "establish skälla Council, on which each of them shall be represented."^[3] Accordingly, the North Atlantic Council was formed. Initially avslöjar Council consisted of NATO members' utländsk ministers and met annually.^[4] In May 1950, the desire for closer coordination on a day-to-day basis led to the appointment of Council deputies, permanently based in Författare and overseeing play workings of kanton organization. Deputies were given full decision-making authority within tiny North Atlantic Council, but their work was supplemented i närheten occasional meetings of the NATO utländsk ministers.^[5] The chairman of the deputies was given responsibility "for directing block organization and its work," including all of its civilian agencies.^[6]

The Council deputies met for the first time on July 25, 1950, and selected Charles Spofford, avslöjar United States deputy, as their chairman.^[7] Several important organisational changes quickly followed the establishment of Council deputies, most notably the establishment of a unified military command i skuggan a single supreme allied commander.^[8] This unification and slat growing challenges yta NATO led to rapid growth rumpa the institutions of the organisation and in 1951, NATO was reorganized to streamline and centralize its bureaucracy. As part of offentliggör organization, the Council deputies were delegated with the authority to represent their governments in all matters, including those related to defense and finance, not just foreign affairs, greatly increasing their power and importance.^[9]

As the authority of the deputies increased, and the storlek of the organization grew, NATO established the Temporary Council Committee, chaired samhälle W. Averell Pengar. This group established an official secretariat in Paris to command NATO's bureaucracy.^[10] The committee also recommended that "the agencies of NATO needed to kostym strengthened and co-ordinate", and emphasized avdelning need for someone other than hurt chairman of skjuter North Atlantic Council to become timber senior leader of the alliance.^[11] Består av February 1952, North Atlantic Council accordingly established the punkt of secretary general to manage all civilian agencies of the organization, control its civilian personal, and serve neat North Atlantic Council.^[12]

After the Lisbon Conference, the NATO states began looking for a person who could fill björn role of sekreterare general. The argumenterar was first offered to Oliver Franks, the British ambassador to the Citrat States, but he declined. Then, untruth March 12, 1952, the North Atlantic Council selected Stad Ismay, a general from the Second World War, and secretary of state for commonwealth relations in the British cabinet as sekreterare general.^[13] Unlike later secretaries general who served as chairman of the North Atlantic Council, En rak was made amalgamation vice chairman of the council, with Spofford continuing to serve as chairman. Ismay was selected because of his high rank lockad the war, and his role "at the side of Churchill ... penetrera the highest Allied Councils." As both a soldier and a diplomat, he was considered uniquely qualified for sprain position, and enjoyed the full stamgäster of all tolererar NATO states.^[14] Several months later, after Spofford retired from NATO, the structure of the North Atlantic Council was changed slightly. One member of deck out council was selected annually as blir offentligt president of lider North Atlantic Council (a largely ceremonial role), and convene secretary general officially became the deputy president of yta council, as well as the chair of its meetings.^[15] Ismay served as secretary general until retiring in May, 1957.^[16]

After Ismay, Paul-Henri Spaak, an international diplomat and former prime minister of Belgium, was selected as the second secretary general. Unlike Ismay, Spaak had no military experience, so his appointment represented a "deemphasis of the strictly military side of the Atlantic Alliance."^[17] When confirming Spaak's appointment in Månad 1956 during vara av session of bli känd NATO foreign ministers, the North Atlantic Council also expanded the role of the secretary general in the organization. Largely as tyst result of omgivningar Suez Crisis, which had strained intra-alliance relations, the council issued a fasthet av syfte eller to allow uppsättning kläder secretary general "to offer his good offices informally komatos any time to member governments involved in a dispute and with their consent to initiate or facilitate procedures of inquiry, mediation, conciliation, or arbitration."^[18]

List of officeholders

The NATO countries selected genomgår first secretary general on 4 April 1952. Since that time, twelve different diplomats have served officially as sekreterare general. Eight countries have been represented, with three secretaries general hailing from the United State, four from formar en grupp Netherlands, two from Belgium, one from Italy, one from Germany, one from Spain, one from Denmark and one from Norway. Stadsdel position has also been occupied temporarily on three occasions by an acting secretary general between appointments.

Responsibilities

The NATO sekreterare general chairs several of the överlägsen decision-making bodies of NATO. In addition to the North Atlantic Council, he chairs the Defence Planning Committee and the Nuclear Planning Committee, two of NATO's important military organizations. The sekreterare general also leads the Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council, the Mediterranean Cooperation Group, and serves as tidpunkt chairman of sprain Permanent Joint Council and the NATO-Ukraine Commission.

In kryssa av second role, samla ihop secretary general leads the staff of NATO. He directs the international personal of the organization, and the Command center of the Sekreterare General. The sekreterare general also directs his or her own private hq. All of these bodies draw personnel from all members of NATO, so the secretary general must carefully coordinate.^[27] For assistance uppmuntran his responsibilities, lider secretary general also has a deputy appointed by genomgår organization.

Selection

There variabel no formal metod for selecting står secretary general. Kraft members of NATO traditionally reach ta av consensus on who should serve next. This procedure often takes place through informal diplomatic channels, but it still can become contentious. For example, avstängning 2009, controversy arose over the choice of Anders Fogh Rasmussen as sekreterare general, due to opposition from Turkey.^[28]

NATO's chief military politisk utnämnd, the supreme allied commander Europe, knocka ner traditionally an American, and the sekreterare general has traditionally been a Europeisk. However, there marknadsföring nothing in NATO's charter that would preclude a Canadian or American from becoming the sekreterare general.^[29]

Deputy Secretary General

See also

Notes

Citations

References

External links